1. Who was Birsa Munda?
Birsa belonged to a family of Mundas, a tribal group that lived in Chhotanagpur.
2. Write the names of areas where shifting cultivators were found.
Shifting cultivators were found in the hilly and forested tracts of north-east and central India.
3. Who were hunters and gatherers?
Hunters and gatherers were tribal groups who lived by hunting animals and gathering forest produce.
4. From where did forest people get their supplies of rice and other grains?
The forest people exchanged goods and got what they needed in return for their valuable forest produce.
5. Who were pastoralists?
The pastoralists were people who moved with their herds of cattle or sheep according to the seasons.
6. Which tribal groups were found more civilised by the British officials?
The British officials found settled tribal group like Gonds and Santhals as more civilised than hunter-gatherers or shifting cultivators.
7. What happened to tribal chiefs after the arrival of the British?
After the arrival of British rule, the tribal chiefs lost their administrative power and were forced to follow laws made by British officials in India.
8. What was the cause of establishing forest villages by the forest department?
The forest department established forest villages in order to ensure a regular supply of cheap labour.
9. When did Birsa Munda die?
Birsa Munda died of cholera in 1900.