NCERT Chapter Summary: Ruling the Countryside

NCERT Chapter Summary: Ruling the Countryside

1. Describe how company became the Diwan.

On 12 August 1765, Robert Clive was granted the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa by the Mughal ruler.

2. Write the revenue procedure for the company.

Before 1865, the company had purchased goods in India by importing gold and silver from Britain. Now revenue collected in Bengal could finance the purchase of goods for export.

3. In which year was Permanent Settlement introduced by company?

The company introduced Permanent Settlement in 1793.

4. What do you mean by Permanent Settlement?

The amount of revenue the peasants were expected to pay was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased ever in future.

5. How did Permanent Settlement create problems?

The revenue that had been fixed was so high that the zamindars found it difficult to pay. Anyone who failed to pay the revenue lost hi zamindari.

6. Who was Charles Cornwallis?

Charles Cornwallis was the Governor-General of India when the Permanent Settlement was introduced.

7. What is indigo?

Indigo is a plant that produces rich blue colour which is used as a dye.

8. What is Kalamkari print?

Kalamkari print is created by weavers of Andhra Pradesh in India.

9. What is nij?

Nij was the cultivation on planter's own land.