NCERT Chapter Summary: Major Landforms of the Earth

NCERT Chapter Summary: Major Landforms of the Earth

The surface of the earth is not the same everywhere. The earth has an infinite variety of landforms. Some parts of the lithosphere may be rugged and some flat.

1. What is Internal Process?

The process operating inside the Earth is known as internal process. Example: The movement of magma, producing volcanoes and earthquakes. 

2. Define External Process.

The process chiefly operating on the surface of the Earth is called external process. Example: Erosion and weathering. 

3. Name the process which modifies the surfaces of the Earth.

(i) Internal process and (ii) External process 

4. What is Erosion?

The wearing away of the Earth's surface is called Erosion. 

5. What do you mean by Deposition?

The process of depositing the transported sediments is called deposition. 

6. What is mountain?

A mountain is any natural elevation of the Earth surface, often 600 metres and more above the ground.

7. What is a mountain range? 

Mountains may be arranged in a line known as mountain range.

8. What are Horsts?

The raised part of the Earth's surface between two faults or Block Mountains is known as horst.

9. What is Glacier?

Moving mass of ice is called Glacier. 

10. Define the term Landforms.

The physical features of the Earth's surface are known landforms. 

11. Why is the plateau of Tibet special?

The Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau in the world with a height of 4,000 to 6,000 meters above the mean sea level.

12. What do you mean by Graben?

The lowered block between two normal faults is known as Graben. 

13. Name the most populated region of India. 

The Indo-Gangetic plan is the most populated region of India.

14. What do you understand by flora and fauna?

Flora means plants and fauna means animals.