1. What was Citadel?
Citadel is the west part of Harappan city. It is smaller but higher.
2. What was Lower town?
The part of the city to the east was larger and lower called the ‘lower town’.
3. Who were Scribes?
People who knew how to write, who helped prepare the seals and perhaps wrote on other materials that have survived.
4. What were ‘seals’?
The Harappan made seals out of mud or clay. These were generally rectangular and usually had an animal curved on it.
5. Who were called ‘specialists?
A specialist was a person who was skilled to do only one kind of work like cutting stone or polishing beads or carving seals.
6. What does ‘raw material’ mean?
Raw materials are substances that are either found naturally or produced by farmers or herders. These are then processed to produce finished goods.
7. With which tool earth was dug to grow crops?
A new tool ‘plough’ was used to dig the earth for turning the soil and planting seeds.
8. What does ‘irrigation’ mean?
If there is not enough rainfall, water is stored and supplied to the fields when the plants are growing.
9. When did earliest cities emerge in India?
The earliest cities of the Indian subcontinent emerged around 4,700 years in the region drained by Indus its tributaries in the North-west.