Biodiversity or Biological Diversity is immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in form and function but closely integrated in a system through multiple network of interdependencies.
India is one of the world’s richest countries in terms of its vast array of biological diversity.
Normal Species: Species whose population levels are considered to be normal for their survival.
Endangered Species: These are species which are in danger of extinction.
Extinct Species: These are species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur.
Habitat destruction, hunting, poaching, over-exploitation, environmental pollution, poisoning and forest fires are factors, which have led to the decline in India’s biodiversity. Other important causes of environmental destruction are unequal access, inequitable consumption of resources and differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well-being.
Conservation in the background of rapid decline in wildlife population and forestry has become essential. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.